as的用法(引导状语从句、定语从句等)

As的用法版本1归纳如下

（一） as作连词的用法:

1.作“在…期间，当…的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、 while的用法区别。 

①下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。 

1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边----一边. 如:

The girl sings as she goes to school.   

He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest.  

2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着…的发展.如:

As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful.   

As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.  

3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:I watched her as she read the book.  

I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.   

Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.

4)接名词表示某一个年龄段时.如:

As a young man, he was active in sports.

As a little boy (When he was a little boy) he began to learn to play the piano.

②when作"当……的时候"解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。

如:When I was at college, I could speak several foreign languages.

When the clock struck twelve, I had slept for 2 hours.

I was wandering through the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop有意料之外的意思  

③ while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时 如:Work while you work.       Play while you play.

   Strike while the iron is hot趁着

2. As =Since 作"既然"、"由于"解,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。

如: As he’s been ill for ages, I will help him.  

As / Since you're not feeling well, you may stay at home.  

As he wasn't ready, we went without him.  

3. As =in the way that作"像"、"按照……的方式"解,引导方式状语从句。如: Do as I told you.

Remember, you must do everything as I do.  Take the medicine as directed.   Maglev trains don’t make much noise, as planes do.   When at Rome，do as Romans do．入乡随俗

  As in your country，we grow wheat in the north and rice in the South.

4. 用于as--- as或not / so/ as ---- as中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。如:They helped the old as much as possible.   

I don't speak English so/ as well as she does.  

5. 表示虽然,尽管 等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,模式为: adj. /adv. / n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如: Tired as they were, they walked on.   Child as he is ，he knows a lot．Fast as he ran，he didn't catch the bus．Much as I respect him, I won’t do as suggests.  Try as you may, you might fail again  Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties．

6. 表示也------一样。 She is a doctor, as was her husband.

（二）、 as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如:

 He is very careful, as we all know.   As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China.  

另外,当先行词被the same, such, so等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如:

Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly.  

He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was．

I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.    This book is not such as I expect

Note: He took the police back to the same place where he witnessed the robbery  

（三）、as作介词的用法.

1.表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman.    They got united as one man．  

2. 表示作为当作。如：I found a job as a guide.   

3. 当某人是某身份时。如：As a child , she was sent to abroad.  

4.  as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为"作为";少数情况可引起宾语补足语。如:

As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (状语)  She works as a model.  (状语)

She has me as one of her best friends.(引起宾语补足语)  

（四）、作副词的用法

1 表示与------等同。如：This dress is twice as expensive as that one.        

2 像，如等。As before, he remained unmoved.  He doesn't speak English as／so fluently as you．

（3）英语中有很多表示比较的成语。  as black as coal     as blind as a bat     as brave as a lion    as bright as day        as busy as a bee        as cold as ice              as easy as ABC   

as fat as a pig        as hot as fire        as light as air ／a feather          as like as two peas ／beans        as poor as a church mouse      as rich as a Jew        as sound as a bell状况极佳;十分健康 as fit as a fiddle   as strong as a horse       as stupid as a donkey      as sweet as honey ／sugar        as white as snow        as red as blood      as bright as a button    as wise as Solomon    

(五）含as的固定词组的用法 

1.As soon as I get to Beijing，I'll write to you．我一到北京，就给你写信。 

2．as／so long as作“只要”解，eg； As／So long as you study hard，you'll make progress．

比较：I've waited as long as two hours．我一直等了整整两小时。

3．as if／though常用来引导方式状语从句，作“好像，仿佛”解。如果从句中讲的是非真实情况，则用虚拟语气。eg：She loves the child as if／though he were her own． 

As if／though也可用来引导表语从句，常用在“It looks／seems．．．+as if／though”句型结构中。It looks to me as if／though it is going to clear up．It seems as if／though he knew nothing about it.     You look as though you slept badly.

4．as to作“关于，至于”解。eg；There is no doubt as to his honesty．

5．as much／many as“多达…”，“达到…之多”eg：He can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month．

6．As／So far as I know，he will come here next Monday．据我所知，

比较：We might go as far as the school and back．我们可以走到学校那边，然后回来。

7．She died as a direct result of the accident．表示“由于．．．的结果”。

8，as well为“也，还”之意。eg： Come early，and bring your brother as well．

9．so as to，表示目的so．．．as to表示结果。eg：He studied hard so as to pass the exam．他努力学习以便通过考试。(表示目的)

10．as a matter of fact实际上，事实上  As a matter of fact，I'm very fond of house work．  

11．as follows如下  Our plan is as follows．

12．as for至于，说到  As for me，I shall never return there．

13．as good as几乎已经，实际已经  Everything was as good as settled．一切都差不多安排好了.    She is as good as her words.她遵守诺言。

He as good as said I'm a liar. 他无异于说我撒谎。

比较：Your composition is as good as his．你的作文和他的作文一样好。

另外，还有以下习惯搭配，其翻译不能随便从字面来理解：    (as) good as gold 表现很好的     (as) good as new 完好如新       as good as one’s word 守信

as good as pie 很好的，可爱的，讨人喜欢        (as) good as a play 非常有趣

14. as well as同样，和，也，而且  She called on you as well as I．不但我来看你，她也拜访了你。 She called on you as well as me． 她不但拜访了我，也拜访了你。

在下列句中，as well as表示“像…一样”的涵义：She as well as you is an English teacher．

她像你一样也是英文教师。

George hasn’t gone abroad as well as his brother. 乔治并没有和他兄弟一样出国去。（他兄弟一人出国）

George, as well as his brother, hasn’t gone abroad. 乔治和他兄弟都没有出国。

1） as well as 可连接并列的单词或短语  前后两个动词的时态要一致。即：若第一个动词是一般现在时，第二个动词也应是一般现在时；若第一个动词是一般过去时，第二个动词也应是一般过去时。例如：

He publishes（published）as well as prints（printed）his own books．他的书是自己印刷并出版的。

2）如果第一个动词是复合时态，或由can，may， must等加动词构成时，as well as后面可省去助动词或情态动词，此时，as well as意为“既……又……”。例如：

We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls．我们在粉刷墙壁，同时也在修理屋顶。

She can ／could sing as well as dance．她既会跳舞也会唱歌。

3）如果第一个动词是不定式，as well as后面的动词也要用不定式，但要去掉to。例如：

You can't expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children．你不可能叫她既照管孩子又做家务。

⑷注意as well as的另外两层涵义：1）as well as还有“除……之外”之意。例如：

As well as knowing some Russian，she speaks English very well．除了懂得一点俄语之外，她的英语讲得很好。

比较：He can speak English as well as she does．他和她英语讲得一样好。  

15．as many ／much ／deep ／large，ect．as达……程度，多／深／大……达  As early as his second film，Chaplin had developed his own manner of acting．  早在他第二部电影中，卓别林就形成了自己的表演风格。  The well is as deep as eight metres．这口井深达八米。  

16．as usual像平常一样  She would go homeas usual for Christmas．  

17．such as像……之类，例如  He knows a lot of poets ，such as Shelley and Byron．  

18．may（might ／could）as well不妨，不如  You may as well wait upstairs．  

 you might as well throw the money into the sea as lend it to him．   

19. as a rule作为一个常规,通常,习以为常As a rule, we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data. 　　

20. As a whole作为一个整体(来看)We should analyze the problem as a whole. 　　

21. As above如上It has been explained as above. 　　　

22. as…as ever像往常一样……She works as hard as ever.她工作一贯努力。　　

23. as it is (was)①在句首,“但在实际上”;②在句末,“照原来样子”。As it was, we did help them.事实上,我们的确帮了他们。Leave the things as they are.别动这些东西。

24. as matters stand按目前情况来说　As matters stand, he does not like to make the plan public.就目前情况而论,他不愿公开那个计划。

As的用法版本2归纳如下　

as既可以用作连词，引导多种状语从句，也可以用作关系代词引导定语从句，其用法繁多复杂。现将as从句小结以方便于同学们掌握。

1. 引导时间状语从句，

作"当……的时候"，其特点为：

1) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行，指"一边……,一边……"。如:

The girl dances as she sings on the stage. 这个孩子在舞台上载歌载物。

He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 他边走边不时地回头看。

2)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为"随着……"。如：

As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 随着时间的流失，她越发担心。

As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. 随着年龄的增长，他们对周围的事物越感兴趣。

3)表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。如:

I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.

Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.

4) 后接名词表示某一年龄段时，用as。如:

As a young man（=When he was a young man）, he was active in sports. 年轻时，他在运动上很活跃。

注意与when、 while的用法区别：

1）when作"当……的时候"解，可以指较短的(一点)时间，也可指一段时间从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。如：

When he was at college, he could speak several foreign languages. 他上大学时能讲好几门外语。

When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the street went out. 当钟敲响12点时，街上所有的灯都熄灭了。

2）while从句中的动词是可延续性动词，表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生。如：

Work while you work. Play while you play. 工作时工作，娱乐时娱乐。

2.      引导原因状语从句

作"既然"、"由于"解，相当于since，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如：

As you're not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然你身体不好，你还是留在家里吧。

注意与because，since的差别：because表示的语气最强，表示一种直接的原因； since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作"既然"；而as在引导原因状语从句时一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。例如：

 He will succeed because he is in earnest.

他一定会成功，因为他很认真。

 Since you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.

既然你对此如此有把握，他会相信你的。

As rain has fallen, the air is cooler. 

因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。

3.引导方式状语从句

作"像"、"按照……的方式"解。如:

You must do everything as I do.你必须要照我的样子去做。

She stayed in bed as the doctor had told her. 她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。

Leave it as it is.把它维持原状好了。

注意与as if, as though的区别。as though/if引导方式状语从句时的含义是“好像、似乎”。如果从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能行，从句中通常使用直陈语气；如果as if从句描述的是非现实的情况或纯属假设，从句则应使用虚拟语气。另外，as if引导的从句有时用省略形式，一般是省略和主句相同的主语和动词be。例如：He always talks to me as if he were my brother. 他总是以哥哥的口气跟我说话。The boy is running here and there as if (he were) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这个孩子跑来跑去，好像是在找丢在操场上的东西似的。He acts as if (he were) a fool.他表现得像个傻子。

 4．引导比较状语从句。

 在as...as...或not so/ as...as...中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式。如:

They helped the old man as often as (it is) possible. 他们尽可能经常地帮助那位老人。

I don't speak English so/ as well as he ( speaks English). 我讲英语没有他那么好。

几个关于as...as的常见句型：

1) as...as possible （等于as … as sb. can/ could）

Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。

2) as...as usual/before

She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。

另外，一些as...as结构也常作为习语而使用：

as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌

as easy as ABC 像ABC一样容易

as deep as a well 像井一样深

as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻

as soft as butter 像黄油一样软

as rich as a Jew 像犹太人一样富裕

5. 引导让步状语从句

as引导的让步从句必须是倒装的形式，倒装的形式是：1）提前表语（单数可数名词做表语时要省略冠词）2）提前状语3）提前动词原形。例如：

Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 尽管他是个孩子，他却知道什么是该做的事情。

Try as he might, he failed in the exam. 尽管他努力了，可还是考试没及格。

Much as I like it, I can’t afford the laptop. 虽然我非常喜欢这部笔记本电脑，我却买不起。

注意与though和although的区别：although 和though也可以引导让步状语从句，含义是“虽然，尽管”，但as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；although语气稍正式些，它所引导的从句可放在句首，也可放在句中，主句中不能再用but，但可以用yet，它所引导的从句不能倒装；though引导的让步状语从句最为常用，它所引导的从句既可和as从句一样倒装，也可以使用正常语序。另外though和although所引导的从句在主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词有be时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。例如：

Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.他虽然年纪相当大，仍然每天慢跑。

Though (it is) not very large, the room is very lit and comfortable to live in. 尽管房间不大，但采光很好，而且住起来很舒服。

Although (he was) born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City. 这位作家虽然出生在芝加哥，但他却以关于纽约的故事而闻名。

6．用作关系代词引导定语从句。

关系代词as引导定语从句时，既可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以引导限制性定语从句。as引导限制性定语从句时先行词一般被the same, such等词修饰时。例如:

Such a good film as you described is well worth seeing.你所描述的这么一部好电影是很值得一看的。

I’m reading the same book as he bought yesterday. 我在读一本和他昨天买的一样的书。

as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常是一个句子或句子中的一部分。例如：

She is late, as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)

To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is very foolish.对事实视而不见--你们好多人都是如此，是非常愚蠢的。(先行词是不定式短语)

注意和which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰一个句子时的差异：1）as引导的定语从句的位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的前或后，也可以插在主句的中间，而which引导的定语从句只能置于主句的后面。例如：

 As we all know now, heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back.

= Heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back, as we all know now.

= Heavy objects and light objects, as we all know now, fall at the same speed unless air holds them back. 正如我们都知道的那样，轻重物体以相同的速度下降，除非是空气阻碍它们。

Bamboo is hollow, which makes them very light.竹子是中空的，这使竹子非常轻。

2）as在指代所修饰的句子的同时，依然保留着其作为连词的含义，有“正如，好像，像……”之义；which仅单纯地指代其所修饰的句子所体现的含义。例如：

As we expected, he succeeded in passing the exam. 正如我们所预料的那样，他通过了考试。

He was late this morning, which surprised us very much. 今天早上他迟到了，这让我们非常惊讶。

3）as 多在从句中作宾语，仅在as is known、as is reported、 as is said、 as is announced等被动形式的定语从句中作主语；which多在从句中作主语，但当非限制性定语从句中有宾语补足语时，which也可以作宾语。例如：

She has made rapid progress, which delighted her parents.她进步迅速，这让她父母很高兴。

Great wrong was done to him, as anyone can see. 他蒙受了巨大的冤屈，这是尽人皆知的事情。

Betty told a lie, which her parents found strange. 贝蒂撒谎了，她父母对此感到很奇怪。